What is Obesity Surgery?
Obesity surgery is weight loss surgery applied to people who have clinical obesity problems and who are at risk for health problems related to this excess weight. Bariatric surgery, also called bariatric surgery, is applied to patients who cannot lose weight to the targeted extent with diet and exercise. With obesity surgery, in some methods, the eating capacity of the person is reduced, while in some methods, the amount of food absorbed from the stomach and intestines is reduced. In some types of bariatric surgery, both procedures can be performed at the same time.
Although obesity surgery is a very effective method for obese people to lose weight, it also brings some side effects. In order to avoid the risks of surgery, doctors usually first apply a diet and exercise program to people. Despite this program, obesity surgery is considered for patients who cannot lose weight to the desired extent. Paying attention to the diet and regular exercise of the patients who have undergone bariatric surgery for the rest of their lives contributes to the preservation of the ideal weight of the person.
Which Diseases Does Bariatric Surgery Treat?
Obesity is a complex disease involving excessive body fat. Although obesity seems to be a cosmetic problem only for some people, obesity is a medical condition that can form the basis of many diseases. Therefore, obesity needs to be treated. Bariatric surgery also mainly deals with obese patients. Obesity surgery is also included in the treatment of people with obesity problems such as diabetes, heart disease, sleep apnea.
What are Obesity Surgery Treatment Methods?
There are several different types of surgery performed in bariatric surgery.
The different types of surgery performed in bariatric surgery are as follows:
Tube Stomach Surgery
In this method, also known as sleeve gastrectomy, approximately 80% of the patient’s stomach is removed. The remaining stomach part is formed into a thin long tube. In this way, the stomach becomes smaller and cannot hold as many nutrients as before. In addition, the hormone ghrelin, which is secreted from the stomach and known as the hunger hormone, is produced less. Thus, the patient’s appetite is reduced after the operation. Gastric sleeve surgery helps patients lose a lot of weight. One of the biggest advantages of this type of surgery is that it requires a shorter hospital stay compared to other surgical methods.
Gastric Bypass
Gastric bypass is one of the most commonly used methods in bariatric surgery. This surgery is basically done in two steps. First, a small portion of the upper part of the stomach is separated from the rest of the stomach. Then, the beginning of the small intestine, to which the stomach is attached, and the continuation of the intestine are divided into two parts. The part in the middle of the intestine is connected to the small part that leaves the stomach. The remaining part of the stomach and the beginning of the intestine are added to the structure near the middle of the intestine. As the stomach size will be reduced with gastric bypass surgery, the patient is satisfied with less food in one sitting. In addition, since the consumed foods will bypass the first part of the intestine, nutrient absorption will also decrease.
Robotic Surgery
Robotic surgery is the method of various obesity surgeries, especially gastric bypass. In robotic surgery, the surgeon does not directly apply the procedure to the patient. Instead, the patient is placed under a large multi-featured device called a robot. Using the control keys on this device, the surgeon moves the arms that will apply the procedure to the patient. Difference of robotic surgery compared to open or laparoscopic surgery; It allows the surgeon to move more precisely.
Gastric Balloon
Gastric balloon procedure is the method in which a balloon-like device is placed in the stomach of the patient. This device, which is placed in the stomach, contributes to quick saturation by reducing the stomach capacity of the patient. Gastric balloon is not a frequently preferred method among obesity surgeries.
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