Tumor Surgery

Oncologic Surgery

Oncologic surgery is a specialized medical field that focuses on the surgical diagnosis, staging, and treatment of cancer. Surgeons in this field may perform procedures to remove tumors, reduce their size, or relieve cancer-related symptoms such as pain.

Whether surgery is appropriate depends on several factors, including the type, size, grade, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient’s age, physical condition, and overall health.

Oncologic surgeries may be performed through open, laparoscopic, or robotic techniques based on tumor location, spread (metastasis), and other clinical evaluations.

What Are the Methods Used in Cancer Treatment?

Thanks to advances in modern medicine, many cancer types are now treatable. The most common treatment options include:

• Cancer Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy
• Targeted Therapies (e.g., Smart Drugs, Immunotherapy)

Among these, surgery remains one of the most effective options when the cancer is localized and operable. Beyond tumor removal, surgery may also be used to confirm a diagnosis, determine the tumor stage, and assess metastasis.

What Are the Methods Used in Cancer Surgery?

Traditional open surgery involves removing the cancerous tissue through a large incision. However, today’s minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic and robotic surgery are increasingly preferred due to faster recovery times and reduced risk of complications.

The selection of the surgical technique depends on the tumor’s size, location, and stage. While minimally invasive approaches are ideal in many cases, the primary goal is to completely remove the tumor, even if it requires open surgery.

Which Types of Cancer Can Be Treated with Surgery?

Surgical treatment is applicable in many cancer types, excluding most blood-related cancers.

Digestive System Cancers

For cancers like stomach, colon, or intestinal cancer, laparoscopic surgery can be used after diagnosis via imaging methods, enabling access to the cancerous tissue through small incisions.

Breast Cancer

Breast cancer surgery is vital for treatment. Depending on the disease stage, surgeons may either remove the entire breast (mastectomy) or perform a breast-conserving surgery to extract only the cancerous tissue.

Thyroid Cancer

Surgical treatment usually involves the complete removal of the thyroid gland to eliminate all cancerous tissue.

Reproductive System Cancers

Early diagnosis is essential in female reproductive cancers, such as uterine, cervical, and ovarian cancer. Depending on the stage, surgical removal of the tumor is an effective and common treatment method.

Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors

These surgeries are complex and carried out by specialized teams using advanced technology while closely monitoring neurological functions.

Prostate, Testicular, Kidney, and Bladder Cancers

With the help of early diagnosis and modern technology, urologic cancers can be treated surgically while aiming to preserve organ function and avoid nerve damage.